
Ethereum ePBS Explained: How EIP-7732 Splits Block Building
Ethereum ePBS moves the proposer-builder handoff into the protocol. Learn how bids, payload reveals, PTC votes, payments, and risks work.

Ethereum ePBS moves the proposer-builder handoff into the protocol. Learn how bids, payload reveals, PTC votes, payments, and risks work.

Ethereum proposer lookahead explained: how EIP-7917 fixes the next-epoch schedule, supports preconfirmations, and changes validator visibility.

Learn how Ethereum FOCIL (EIP-7805) uses validator inclusion lists to constrain block builders, plus its limits, risks, and current proposal status.

Learn how Ethereum validator consolidation, Type 2 withdrawal credentials, and the 2,048 ETH maxEB limit work—and what operators should check first.

Understand Ethereum validator slashing, how it differs from ordinary downtime penalties, what triggers it, and how solo stakers can reduce operational risk.